AIR POLLUTION

A) AIR POLLUTION
As we know most of the air pollution comes out from burning things eg:feuls or just rubbish.Petrol is a good example too .It is made of hydrocarbons ,which are compouds of hydrogen and carbon .If it burns in plenty of air ,the main products are carbon dioxide and water vapour.But in a car engine there is not enough air. The petrol burns ,but not completely , and harmful products stream out in exhust:
1)The main harmful product is carbon monoxide.If this gas gets into your blood stream , it stops red blood cells from carrying oxygen from the lungs to the other parts of the body .Too much of carbon monoxide can cause death.
2)Hydrocarbons make up the next largest harmful part of the exhust.They smell horrible , they can cause liver damage and even cancer .
3)Sulphur dioxide forms because petrol contains a little sulphur.It attacks the lungs and breathing tubes ,causing bronchitis and other diseases.
4)Nitrogen oxide forms because the air in the engine gets too hot that its nitrogen and oxygen react together .Like sulphur dioxide nitrogen oxide also attacks the breathing system,and causes acid rain.
5)The smoke is mainly tiny particles of carbon and lead .Smoke makes every thing black and grimy .Besided it attacks lungs,and the lead in it can cause brain damage especially to children .
Cars are not the only problem for the air pollution because all the rest of the pollution is from the factories,power stations and homes that burn oil and coal.Like petrol,they give out hydrocarbons ,and a little sulphur .When they burn in a limited supply of air they produce carbon monoxide,hydrocarbons ,sulphur dioxide and smoke.
B)THE FIGHT AGAINST AIR POLLUTION
FROM CARS-Cars can be fitted with exhust systems containing special catalysts ,that make the harmful gases react together to produce safe gases .
FROM HOMES-Many areas were turned intosmokeless zones by the Goverment Clean Air Act in 1956 to stop pollution
C)FROM FACTORIES AND POWER STATIONS
TALL CHIMNEYS-These carry smoke , dust and waste gases high up into the air ,where the wind blow them away.
SCRUBBERS- These are tanks where the wastes gets sprayed by jets of water ,before it reaches the chimneys . The water washes away smoke and dust,and dissolves some of the harmful gases.
ELECTROSTATIC PRECIPITATORS-In some factories ,the wastes is led into a chamber calles electrostatic precipitators ,where an electric is passed through it.The smoke and dust particles get charged ,and cling to electrodes .In time ,they fall to the bottom of the precipitators and are removed .